The composition of Rubber Compound

Here’s an overview of the composition of a rubber compound:

Rubber Compound Composition

A rubber compound is a mixture of natural or synthetic rubber with various additives and chemicals that give the final product desired properties such as strength, elasticity, durability, and resistance to heat, chemicals, or aging.

Main Components of Rubber Compound:

Base Rubber

Natural rubber (NR) or synthetic rubber like:

Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR)

Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR)

Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM)

Chloroprene Rubber (CR), etc.

It forms the primary elastic matrix.

Fillers

Improve mechanical properties and reduce cost.

Common fillers:

Carbon black (reinforces strength and abrasion resistance)

Silica

Clay

Calcium carbonate

Plasticizers / Oils

Enhance processability and flexibility.

Examples: aromatic oils, paraffinic oils.

Curing Agents / Vulcanizing Agents

Enable cross-linking (vulcanization) to improve elasticity and strength.

Most common: sulfur.

Alternatives: peroxide curing agents.

Accelerators

Speed up the vulcanization process.

Examples: MBTS, CBS, TMTD.

Activators

Help accelerators and sulfur work effectively.

Examples: zinc oxide, stearic acid.

Antioxidants and Antiozonants

Protect rubber from degradation due to oxygen, ozone, and heat.

Examples: PPD (para-phenylenediamine), waxes.

Processing Aids

Improve mixing and processing.

Examples: fatty acids, waxes.

Other Additives

Depending on application, might include pigments, flame retardants, anti-slip agents, etc.

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